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# ES Module Lexer
[![Build Status][actions-image]][actions-url]
A JS module syntax lexer used in [es-module-shims](https://github.com/guybedford/es-module-shims).
Outputs the list of exports and locations of import specifiers, including dynamic import and import meta handling.
Supports new syntax features including import attributes and source phase imports.
A very small single JS file (4KiB gzipped) that includes inlined Web Assembly for very fast source analysis of ECMAScript module syntax only.
For an example of the performance, Angular 1 (720KiB) is fully parsed in 5ms, in comparison to the fastest JS parser, Acorn which takes over 100ms.
_Comprehensively handles the JS language grammar while remaining small and fast. - ~10ms per MB of JS cold and ~5ms per MB of JS warm, [see benchmarks](#benchmarks) for more info._
> [Built with](https://github.com/guybedford/es-module-lexer/blob/main/chompfile.toml) [Chomp](https://chompbuild.com/)
### Usage
```
npm install es-module-lexer
```
See [src/lexer.ts](src/lexer.ts) for the type definitions.
For use in CommonJS:
```js
const { init, parse } = require('es-module-lexer');
(async () => {
// either await init, or call parse asynchronously
// this is necessary for the Web Assembly boot
await init;
const source = 'export var p = 5';
const [imports, exports] = parse(source);
// Returns "p"
source.slice(exports[0].s, exports[0].e);
// Returns "p"
source.slice(exports[0].ls, exports[0].le);
})();
```
An ES module version is also available:
```js
import { init, parse } from 'es-module-lexer';
(async () => {
await init;
const source = `
import { name } from 'mod\\u1011';
import json from './json.json' assert { type: 'json' }
export var p = 5;
export function q () {
};
export { x as 'external name' } from 'external';
// Comments provided to demonstrate edge cases
import /*comment!*/ ( 'asdf', { assert: { type: 'json' }});
import /*comment!*/.meta.asdf;
// Source phase imports:
import source mod from './mod.wasm';
import.source('./mod.wasm');
`;
const [imports, exports] = parse(source, 'optional-sourcename');
// Returns "modထ"
imports[0].n
// Returns "mod\u1011"
source.slice(imports[0].s, imports[0].e);
// "s" = start
// "e" = end
// Returns "import { name } from 'mod'"
source.slice(imports[0].ss, imports[0].se);
// "ss" = statement start
// "se" = statement end
// Returns "{ type: 'json' }"
source.slice(imports[1].a, imports[1].se);
// "a" = assert, -1 for no assertion
// Returns "external"
source.slice(imports[2].s, imports[2].e);
// Returns "p"
source.slice(exports[0].s, exports[0].e);
// Returns "p"
source.slice(exports[0].ls, exports[0].le);
// Returns "q"
source.slice(exports[1].s, exports[1].e);
// Returns "q"
source.slice(exports[1].ls, exports[1].le);
// Returns "'external name'"
source.slice(exports[2].s, exports[2].e);
// Returns -1
exports[2].ls;
// Returns -1
exports[2].le;
// Import type is provided by `t` value
// (1 for static, 2, for dynamic)
// Returns true
imports[2].t == 2;
// Returns "asdf" (only for string literal dynamic imports)
imports[2].n
// Returns "import /*comment!*/ ( 'asdf', { assert: { type: 'json' } })"
source.slice(imports[3].ss, imports[3].se);
// Returns "'asdf'"
source.slice(imports[3].s, imports[3].e);
// Returns "( 'asdf', { assert: { type: 'json' } })"
source.slice(imports[3].d, imports[3].se);
// Returns "{ assert: { type: 'json' } }"
source.slice(imports[3].a, imports[3].se - 1);
// For non-string dynamic import expressions:
// - n will be undefined
// - a is currently -1 even if there is an assertion
// - e is currently the character before the closing )
// For nested dynamic imports, the se value of the outer import is -1 as end tracking does not
// currently support nested dynamic immports
// import.meta is indicated by imports[3].d === -2
// Returns true
imports[4].d === -2;
// Returns "import /*comment!*/.meta"
source.slice(imports[4].s, imports[4].e);
// ss and se are the same for import meta
// Returns "'./mod.wasm'"
source.slice(imports[5].s, imports[5].e);
// Import type 4 and 5 for static and dynamic source phase
imports[5].t === 4;
imports[6].t === 5;
})();
```
### CSP asm.js Build
The default version of the library uses Wasm and (safe) eval usage for performance and a minimal footprint.
Neither of these represent security escalation possibilities since there are no execution string injection vectors, but that can still violate existing CSP policies for applications.
For a version that works with CSP eval disabled, use the `es-module-lexer/js` build:
```js
import { parse } from 'es-module-lexer/js';
```
Instead of Web Assembly, this uses an asm.js build which is almost as fast as the Wasm version ([see benchmarks below](#benchmarks)).
### Escape Sequences
To handle escape sequences in specifier strings, the `.n` field of imported specifiers will be provided where possible.
For dynamic import expressions, this field will be empty if not a valid JS string.
### Facade Detection
Facade modules that only use import / export syntax can be detected via the third return value:
```js
const [,, facade] = parse(`
export * from 'external';
import * as ns from 'external2';
export { a as b } from 'external3';
export { ns };
`);
facade === true;
```
### ESM Detection
Modules that uses ESM syntaxes can be detected via the fourth return value:
```js
const [,,, hasModuleSyntax] = parse(`
export {}
`);
hasModuleSyntax === true;
```
Dynamic imports are ignored since they can be used in Non-ESM files.
```js
const [,,, hasModuleSyntax] = parse(`
import('./foo.js')
`);
hasModuleSyntax === false;
```
### Environment Support
Node.js 10+, and [all browsers with Web Assembly support](https://caniuse.com/#feat=wasm).
### Grammar Support
* Token state parses all line comments, block comments, strings, template strings, blocks, parens and punctuators.
* Division operator / regex token ambiguity is handled via backtracking checks against punctuator prefixes, including closing brace or paren backtracking.
* Always correctly parses valid JS source, but may parse invalid JS source without errors.
### Limitations
The lexing approach is designed to deal with the full language grammar including RegEx / division operator ambiguity through backtracking and paren / brace tracking.
The only limitation to the reduced parser is that the "exports" list may not correctly gather all export identifiers in the following edge cases:
```js
// Only "a" is detected as an export, "q" isn't
export var a = 'asdf', q = z;
// "b" is not detected as an export
export var { a: b } = asdf;
```
The above cases are handled gracefully in that the lexer will keep going fine, it will just not properly detect the export names above.
### Benchmarks
Benchmarks can be run with `npm run bench`.
Current results for a high spec machine:
#### Wasm Build
```
Module load time
> 5ms
Cold Run, All Samples
test/samples/*.js (3123 KiB)
> 18ms
Warm Runs (average of 25 runs)
test/samples/angular.js (739 KiB)
> 3ms
test/samples/angular.min.js (188 KiB)
> 1ms
test/samples/d3.js (508 KiB)
> 3ms
test/samples/d3.min.js (274 KiB)
> 2ms
test/samples/magic-string.js (35 KiB)
> 0ms
test/samples/magic-string.min.js (20 KiB)
> 0ms
test/samples/rollup.js (929 KiB)
> 4.32ms
test/samples/rollup.min.js (429 KiB)
> 2.16ms
Warm Runs, All Samples (average of 25 runs)
test/samples/*.js (3123 KiB)
> 14.16ms
```
#### JS Build (asm.js)
```
Module load time
> 2ms
Cold Run, All Samples
test/samples/*.js (3123 KiB)
> 34ms
Warm Runs (average of 25 runs)
test/samples/angular.js (739 KiB)
> 3ms
test/samples/angular.min.js (188 KiB)
> 1ms
test/samples/d3.js (508 KiB)
> 3ms
test/samples/d3.min.js (274 KiB)
> 2ms
test/samples/magic-string.js (35 KiB)
> 0ms
test/samples/magic-string.min.js (20 KiB)
> 0ms
test/samples/rollup.js (929 KiB)
> 5ms
test/samples/rollup.min.js (429 KiB)
> 3.04ms
Warm Runs, All Samples (average of 25 runs)
test/samples/*.js (3123 KiB)
> 17.12ms
```
### Building
This project uses [Chomp](https://chompbuild.com) for building.
With Chomp installed, download the WASI SDK 12.0 from https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/tag/wasi-sdk-12.
- [Linux](https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-12/wasi-sdk-12.0-linux.tar.gz)
- [Windows (MinGW)](https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-12/wasi-sdk-12.0-mingw.tar.gz)
- [macOS](https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-12/wasi-sdk-12.0-macos.tar.gz)
Locate the WASI-SDK as a sibling folder, or customize the path via the `WASI_PATH` environment variable.
Emscripten emsdk is also assumed to be a sibling folder or via the `EMSDK_PATH` environment variable.
Example setup:
```
git clone https://github.com:guybedford/es-module-lexer
git clone https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk
cd emsdk
git checkout 1.40.1-fastcomp
./emsdk install 1.40.1-fastcomp
cd ..
wget https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-12/wasi-sdk-12.0-linux.tar.gz
gunzip wasi-sdk-12.0-linux.tar.gz
tar -xf wasi-sdk-12.0-linux.tar
mv wasi-sdk-12.0-linux.tar wasi-sdk-12.0
cargo install chompbuild
cd es-module-lexer
chomp test
```
For the `asm.js` build, git clone `emsdk` from is assumed to be a sibling folder as well.
### License
MIT
[actions-image]: https://github.com/guybedford/es-module-lexer/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg
[actions-url]: https://github.com/guybedford/es-module-lexer/actions/workflows/build.yml