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# A binary morphology add-on for the Python Imaging Library
#
# History:
# 2014-06-04 Initial version.
#
# Copyright (c) 2014 Dov Grobgeld <dov.grobgeld@gmail.com>
from __future__ import annotations
import re
from . import Image, _imagingmorph
LUT_SIZE = 1 << 9
# fmt: off
ROTATION_MATRIX = [
6, 3, 0,
7, 4, 1,
8, 5, 2,
]
MIRROR_MATRIX = [
2, 1, 0,
5, 4, 3,
8, 7, 6,
]
# fmt: on
class LutBuilder:
"""A class for building a MorphLut from a descriptive language
The input patterns is a list of a strings sequences like these::
4:(...
.1.
111)->1
(whitespaces including linebreaks are ignored). The option 4
describes a series of symmetry operations (in this case a
4-rotation), the pattern is described by:
- . or X - Ignore
- 1 - Pixel is on
- 0 - Pixel is off
The result of the operation is described after "->" string.
The default is to return the current pixel value, which is
returned if no other match is found.
Operations:
- 4 - 4 way rotation
- N - Negate
- 1 - Dummy op for no other operation (an op must always be given)
- M - Mirroring
Example::
lb = LutBuilder(patterns = ["4:(... .1. 111)->1"])
lut = lb.build_lut()
"""
def __init__(self, patterns=None, op_name=None):
if patterns is not None:
self.patterns = patterns
else:
self.patterns = []
self.lut = None
if op_name is not None:
known_patterns = {
"corner": ["1:(... ... ...)->0", "4:(00. 01. ...)->1"],
"dilation4": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1"],
"dilation8": ["4:(... .0. .1.)->1", "4:(... .0. ..1)->1"],
"erosion4": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0"],
"erosion8": ["4:(... .1. .0.)->0", "4:(... .1. ..0)->0"],
"edge": [
"1:(... ... ...)->0",
"4:(.0. .1. ...)->1",
"4:(01. .1. ...)->1",
],
}
if op_name not in known_patterns:
msg = "Unknown pattern " + op_name + "!"
raise Exception(msg)
self.patterns = known_patterns[op_name]
def add_patterns(self, patterns):
self.patterns += patterns
def build_default_lut(self):
symbols = [0, 1]
m = 1 << 4 # pos of current pixel
self.lut = bytearray(symbols[(i & m) > 0] for i in range(LUT_SIZE))
def get_lut(self):
return self.lut
def _string_permute(self, pattern, permutation):
"""string_permute takes a pattern and a permutation and returns the
string permuted according to the permutation list.
"""
assert len(permutation) == 9
return "".join(pattern[p] for p in permutation)
def _pattern_permute(self, basic_pattern, options, basic_result):
"""pattern_permute takes a basic pattern and its result and clones
the pattern according to the modifications described in the $options
parameter. It returns a list of all cloned patterns."""
patterns = [(basic_pattern, basic_result)]
# rotations
if "4" in options:
res = patterns[-1][1]
for i in range(4):
patterns.append(
(self._string_permute(patterns[-1][0], ROTATION_MATRIX), res)
)
# mirror
if "M" in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
patterns.append((self._string_permute(pattern, MIRROR_MATRIX), res))
# negate
if "N" in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[:n]:
# Swap 0 and 1
pattern = pattern.replace("0", "Z").replace("1", "0").replace("Z", "1")
res = 1 - int(res)
patterns.append((pattern, res))
return patterns
def build_lut(self):
"""Compile all patterns into a morphology lut.
TBD :Build based on (file) morphlut:modify_lut
"""
self.build_default_lut()
patterns = []
# Parse and create symmetries of the patterns strings
for p in self.patterns:
m = re.search(r"(\w*):?\s*\((.+?)\)\s*->\s*(\d)", p.replace("\n", ""))
if not m:
msg = 'Syntax error in pattern "' + p + '"'
raise Exception(msg)
options = m.group(1)
pattern = m.group(2)
result = int(m.group(3))
# Get rid of spaces
pattern = pattern.replace(" ", "").replace("\n", "")
patterns += self._pattern_permute(pattern, options, result)
# compile the patterns into regular expressions for speed
for i, pattern in enumerate(patterns):
p = pattern[0].replace(".", "X").replace("X", "[01]")
p = re.compile(p)
patterns[i] = (p, pattern[1])
# Step through table and find patterns that match.
# Note that all the patterns are searched. The last one
# caught overrides
for i in range(LUT_SIZE):
# Build the bit pattern
bitpattern = bin(i)[2:]
bitpattern = ("0" * (9 - len(bitpattern)) + bitpattern)[::-1]
for p, r in patterns:
if p.match(bitpattern):
self.lut[i] = [0, 1][r]
return self.lut
class MorphOp:
"""A class for binary morphological operators"""
def __init__(self, lut=None, op_name=None, patterns=None):
"""Create a binary morphological operator"""
self.lut = lut
if op_name is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(op_name=op_name).build_lut()
elif patterns is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(patterns=patterns).build_lut()
def apply(self, image):
"""Run a single morphological operation on an image
Returns a tuple of the number of changed pixels and the
morphed image"""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
outimage = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, None)
count = _imagingmorph.apply(bytes(self.lut), image.im.id, outimage.im.id)
return count, outimage
def match(self, image):
"""Get a list of coordinates matching the morphological operation on
an image.
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
return _imagingmorph.match(bytes(self.lut), image.im.id)
def get_on_pixels(self, image):
"""Get a list of all turned on pixels in a binary image
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels. See :ref:`coordinate-system`."""
if image.mode != "L":
msg = "Image mode must be L"
raise ValueError(msg)
return _imagingmorph.get_on_pixels(image.im.id)
def load_lut(self, filename):
"""Load an operator from an mrl file"""
with open(filename, "rb") as f:
self.lut = bytearray(f.read())
if len(self.lut) != LUT_SIZE:
self.lut = None
msg = "Wrong size operator file!"
raise Exception(msg)
def save_lut(self, filename):
"""Save an operator to an mrl file"""
if self.lut is None:
msg = "No operator loaded"
raise Exception(msg)
with open(filename, "wb") as f:
f.write(self.lut)
def set_lut(self, lut):
"""Set the lut from an external source"""
self.lut = lut